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黄建忠就《电子信息产品污染控制管理办法》出台接受采访

HUANG, Jianzhong was Interviewed in Regard to the Administrative Measure for the Control of Pollution Caused by Electronic Information Products

由信息产业部、发展改革委、商务部、海关总署、工商总局、质检总局、环保总局联合制定的《电子信息产品污染控制管理办法》(以下简称《管理办法》)已于2006年2月28日正式颁布。在我国电子信息产业按照科学发展观建设电子强国，发展循环经济的背景下出台的《管理办法》，与电子信息产品产业链上的每个企业都息息相关。《管理办法》的出台对我国电子信息产业将会产生哪些影响？《管理办法》和欧盟RoHS指令有哪些异同？如何贯彻实施……针对这些问题，经济体制改革与经济运行司体制改革处处长黄建忠接受了《中国电子报》记者的采访。

The “Administrative Measure for the Control of Pollution Caused by Electronic Information Products” (Administrative Measure) formulated by the Ministry of Information Industry, was promulgated February 28, 2006.  How does this Administrative Measure impact the electronic information industry?  What are the similarities between the Administrative Measure and the EU RoHS Directive?  How to implement…,etc.?  Mr. Juanzhong HUANG of the Ministry of Informaiton Industry received an interview by a journalist of the China Electronics News.

《管理办法》出台将对我国电子信息产业产生巨大影响

The Administrative Measure will give a huge impact to the China electronic information industry

记者：信息产业部等七部门为什么要制定《管理办法》，制定这样一部部门规章的目的和意义是什么？

Journalist:   Why do the seven government agencies formulate the Administrative Measure?  What is the purpose and the meaning?

黄建忠：制定《管理办法》的目的和意义有五个方面：一是将电子信息产品污染防治作为废旧电子信息产品回收处理再利用工作的基础性工作，体现“污染防治，预防在先”的环境保护原则，落实“从源头抓起”的工作思路；二是将电子信息产品污染防治纳入行业管理，实现法制化；三是实现有毒有害物质在电子信息产品中的替代或减量化，保护环境，节约资源；四是实现电子信息产业结构调整，产品升级换代，确保电子信息产业可持续发展；五是积极应对欧盟两指令。

(to be translated)

记者：《管理办法》的出台将对我国电子信息产业产生哪些影响？

Journalist:   What is the impact caused by the Administrative Measure to the China’s electronic information industry?

黄建忠：《管理办法》的出台将对我国电子信息产业发展产生巨大影响。　　首先，出台《管理办法》将会促使我们认真思考和调整产业的发展思路，从一个全新的角度去认识、制定产业的发展目标，坚持科学发展观，建立节约型社会，以人为本，发展循环经济型的电子信息产业。

　　其次，将会促使我国的电子信息产业能够紧跟当前世界范围内的一场基于资源节约和环境保护的技术革命，促进产业结构的调整、产品升级换代、提升我国电子信息产业的国际竞争力。

　　第三，过去，我们对于电子信息产业在国民经济与社会信息化中的重要作用宣传得比较多，我们更多的是看到了电子信息技术在改造传统产业、提供国民经济和社会信息化的过程中的“倍增性”、“渗透性”。现在，电子信息产品中有毒有害物质的控制问题开始提到议事日程上了，我们要跟上这个步伐，一定要努力将我们的电子信息产业转变为最环保的、最节约资源的绿色产业。

　　第四，《管理办法》的出台的确会给进入我国市场的所有电子信息企业一个压力，必须按照《管理办法》的规定，在过渡期内做到有毒有害物质的替代或减量化。在短期内，《管理办法》的规定将会给企业带来成本增加的压力，但“水涨船高”，由于所有企业的压力是一样的，因此，不会影响企业的竞争力。从长远看，《管理办法》将使得企业在新一轮的技术革命中得到提高。

(to be translated)

记者：欧盟在2003年2月发布了两个指令，其中之一是RoHS指令，中国的《管理办法》和欧盟RoHS指令有何异同？

Journalist:   EU promulgated two directives in February, 2003.  One of the two directives is the RoHS Directive.  What are the differences and the similarities between the Administrative Measure and the EU RoHS Directive?

黄建忠：中国的《管理办法》和欧盟的RoHS指令相同之处有四个方面：一、都是法律规范性文件；二、主要目的都是为实现电子电器类产品中有毒有害物质的控制(禁止使用和减量化)；三、都涉及贸易活动(货物贸易)；四、限制和禁止使用的有毒有害物质是一样的，都是六种：铅、汞、镉、六价铬、多溴联苯(PBB)、多溴二苯醚(PBDE)。

HUANG, Jianzhong:   There are four similarities between the Administrative Measure and the EU RoHS Directive:  1. Both are legal documents; 2. The main purpose of both documents is to control toxic and hazardous substances (restriction of use and reduction of amount); 3. Both are involved in trade activities (good trade); 4. Both have the same six restrictions of use regarding toxic and hazardous substances: lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls (PBB), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE). 

中国的《管理办法》和欧盟的RoHS指令有六个方面的不同：

The Administrative Measure and the EU RoHS Directive have six differences:

　　一是中国的《管理办法》无需转换低一级的法律规范性文件就可以直接实施；但欧盟的RoHS指令无直接约束力，需要转换成欧盟成员国法律(法规)才可以实施。

1. The Administrative Measure is implemented directly, it doesn’t need to transform to a bounding document.  In Contrast, EU RoHS Directive doesn’t have a bounding force, it must transform to a member state’s law to be implemented.

　　二是中国的《管理办法》调整对象为电子信息产品，欧盟的RoHS指令调整对象为交流电不超过1000伏特、直流电不超过1500伏特的电子电器设备；欧盟RoHS指令的调整范围和对象比中国的《管理办法》要更宽、更多。

2. The Administrative Measure focuses (targets) on electronic information products.  The EU RoHS Directive focuses on electrical and electronic equipment with voltage less than 1000Vac or 1500Vdc.  The EU RoHS Directive is looser than China’s.

　　三是中国的《管理办法》对有毒有害物质控制的监督管理采用目录管理模式；目录以“穷举法”方式形成；欧盟的RoHS指令将WEEE指令中的八大类产品全部放入，然后再对其中有毒有害物质控制技术尚不够成熟、经济上不可行产品采用“排除法”予以“豁免”。

3. The Administrative Measure for the control of toxic and hazardous substances adopts a Catalogue managed model; the Catalogue is formulated by list method (list all regulated products).  The EU RoHS Directive includes all eight categories in the WEEE Directive, then adopts exemption method to exclude those products whose technique is not mature and/or economically possible.

　　四是中国的《管理办法》于2006年2月28日颁布，颁布一年后开始实施，有毒有害物质限制和禁止时间尚未确定；欧盟的RoHS指令是2003年2月13日颁布，2004年8月13日转为欧盟成员国法律(法规)，2006年7月1日开始实施。所以，欧盟的RoHS指令实施时间要比中国的《管理办法》早。

4. The Administrative Measure was promulgated February 28, 2006.  It takes effect one year later (March 1, 2007).  The timelines for the restriction and prohibition of toxic and hazardous substances have not been determined.  EU RoHS Directive was promulgated February 13, 2003 and transformed to member states laws (rules) by August 13, 2004.  It takes effect July 1, 2006.  The effective date for the EU RoHS Directive is earlier than the Administrative Measure’s.

　　五是中国的《管理办法》贯彻实施需要制定“标准”和“目录”，制定“目录”需要“标准”支撑；欧盟的RoHS指令的贯彻只需要标准的支撑。

5. To implement the Administrative Measure, “standard(s)” and “Catalogue” are needed.  Formulating the Catalogue needs to have a “standard(s)” to support.  To implement the EU RoHS Directive needs only a standard(s) to support.

　　六是中国的《管理办法》中对有毒有害物质的控制采取了“两步走”方式，第一步，从《管理办法》生效之日起，仅仅要求进入市场的电子信息产品以自我声明的方式披露相关的环保信息；第二步，对进入电子信息产品污染控制重点管理目录的产品实施严格监管，需要实现有毒有害物质的替代或达到限量标准的要求，然后要经过强制认证(3C认证)才可以进入市场；而欧盟的RoHS指令对有毒有害物质的控制采取的是“自我声明”的方式，但欧盟的要求是“一步到位”，“自我声明”的前提是要你做到有毒有害物质的达标。

6. The Administrative Measure adopts the “two-step approach” method.  The first step: starting the effective date of the Administrative Measure, manufacturers are required to expose (indicate) related environment-friendly information by self-declaration for those electronic information products entering into the market.  The second step: strictly supervise and manage electronic information products entering into the market, which are listed in the key administrative catalogue, reach the requirements of either substituting toxic and hazardous substances or meeting the limit(s) set by the standard(s).  Then manufacturers obtain compulsory certification (3C certification) to enter into the market.  The EU RoHS Directive uses “self-declaration” method.  The EU RoHS Directive requires “one step to the seat”.  You must meet the limits of toxic and hazardous substances to “self-declaration”.

对电子信息产品中有毒有害物质的控制将分两步走

There will be two-step approach for the control of toxic and hazardous substances in electronic information products

记者：很多产品我们凭借常识就可以知道是不是电子信息产品，但有些产品我们难以判断，特别是一些应用了电子信息技术的产品，《管理办法》第一章《总则》第3条“电子信息产品”的定义不是很具体，企业如何根据这个定义去判断自己的产品是否是“电子信息产品”？

Journalist:   Many of us can determine if products are electronic information products based on common sense.  However, in some cases, it is hard to determine if products are electronic information products especially for products using electronic information technology.  The definition of electronic information products under Article 3 of the Administrative Measure is not clear.  How does the industry determine if products are electronic information products?

黄建忠：我们在《管理办法》颁布后将公布一个电子信息产品细目及其释义，这个细目是依照经国家统计局确认的《电子信息产业行业分类目录》，并依照《管理办法》的调整范围要求做出的。有了这个细目和释义后，业内的每一个生产者就可以方便地“对号入座”，确认自己生产的产品是否属于“电子信息产品”范畴了。

HUANG, Jianzhong:   Following the promulgation of the Administrative Measure, there will be a detail list and interpretation of electronic information products.  This list will be formulated based on the “industry sorting catalogue of electronic information products” verified by the National Bureau of Statistics of China, and the adjusted scope of the Administrative Measure.  After having this detail list of the Catalogue, every manufacturer in the industry can “find its seat by the number”, find out if its products are within the scope of electronic information products.

记者：《管理办法》中没有任何类似于欧盟RoHS指令中关于豁免的条款，以及要求豁免的方法，这是为什么？

Journalist:   In the Administrative Measure, there are no exemption rules similar to the ones in the EU RoHS Directive.  Why?

黄建忠：欧盟RoHS指令首先将所有直流电1500伏特以下、交流电1000伏特以下的电子电气产品全部放入约束的范围，然后就其中所谓“技术尚不成熟、经济上不可行”的产品进行“豁免”，欧盟的“豁免”不是无限期的；但《管理办法》对有毒有害物质的控制采用了“目录管理”的模式，与欧盟RoHS指令采用的方法不同，《管理办法》设置了一个“电子信息产品污染控制重点管理目录”，这个目录一开始是空的，随着时间的推移，那些“技术上已经成熟、经济上尚可行”的实现了有毒有害物质替代或者符合了限量标准的产品将被放入目录，不放入目录就意味着暂时被“豁免”。因此，《管理办法》不需要、也没有设置关于豁免内容的条款。

HUANG, Jianzhong:   The EU RoHS Directive includes all the electrical and electronic equipment with voltage less than 1500Vdc or 1000Vac.  The Directive exempts those products whose technique is not mature and/or economically possible.  The EU’s exemption is not unlimited time.  The Administrative Measure adopts Catalogue model, different as the EU’s.  The Administrative Measure sets a key administrative catalogue of the control of pollution of electronic information products.  This Catalogue is blank in the beginning.  As time goes on, those products whose technique is mature and/or economically possible, toxic and hazardous substances being substituted, or the limit(s) set by the standard(s) being met will be added to the Catalogue.  Those products not included in the Catalogue mean they are exempted.  Therefore, the Administrative Measure does not need and no need to have content for exemption rules.

记者：什么是目录管理，电子信息产品污染控制重点管理目录是如何形成的？

Journalist:   What does Catalogue administration mean?  How is the key administrative catalogue of the control of pollution caused by electronic information products formulated?

黄建忠：目录管理是《管理办法》确定的有别于欧盟RoHS指令的对电子信息产品中有毒有害物质进行控制的管理方式。它的目标对象是所有现在已知含有六种有毒有害物质的电子信息产品，当确认其中某类产品已经实现产品的替代或有毒有害材料替代，或已经确认替代难以实现但可以做到符合限量的标准，对相关行业来说已经实现了“技术上成熟，经济上可行”，则该类产品将被放入“目录”中，实行3C认证。

　　“目录”的形成过程将是渐进的，目录的形成过程将依照一定的程序，如征求相关企业意见，专家评估等。目前，我们已经起草了一个《电子信息产品污染控制重点管理目录制定程序规定》草案，希望将目录的制定过程法制化。目录制定程序问题要先予以确定，然后才会进行什么产品会进入目录、何时进入目录问题的研究。

(to be translated)

记者：《管理办法》确定的对电子信息产品中有毒有害物质的控制被形象地比喻为“两步走”，请具体阐述一下。

Journalist:   The implementation of the Administrative Measure is described as “two-step approach”.  Please explain?

黄建忠：《管理办法》确定的对电子信息产品中有毒有害物质的控制过程的确是分为“两步走”。

　　“第一步”是，在《管理办法》开始实施(生效)时，我们仅仅是要求所有进入市场的含有有毒有害物质的电子信息产品进行“明示”，即采用贴标志或写在产品说明书里的方式，告诉你的下游用户(消费者)，在你的产品中含有的有毒有害物质或元素的名称、含量，环保使用期限和在废弃时可否回收利用等。此时，对这些产品，并没有有毒有害物质或元素的替代或限量的要求。

　　“第二步”是，当你的产品进入了电子信息产品污染重点管理目录时，你的产品要么是做到了对有毒有害物质或元素的替代，要么是达到了限量的标准，要经过严格的3C认证合格判定才可以进入市场。

HUANG, Jianzhong:   The Administrative Measure adopts a “two-step approach” method for the control process of toxic and hazardous substances caused by electronic information products.

The first step: at the beginning of implementation (effectiveness) of the Administrative Measure, we require only explicit indication of toxic and hazardous substances or elements in electronic information products, i.e., using a label or indicating in the product user’s manual to tell your downstream users (consumers) the names and contents of toxic and hazardous substances, environment-friendly use period, and recyclability, etc. for the products.  At this time, for these products, there are no requirements for the substitution or limiting amount of toxic and hazardous substances or elements.

The second step: When your products are listed in the key administrative catalogue of electronic information products, your products either substituting toxic and hazardous substances or meeting the limit(s) set by the standard(s), They must meet 3C certification before entering the market.

记者：按照《管理办法》第十八条的规定，似乎所有进入市场的电子信息产品都要进行RoHS认证，但认证过程在《管理办法》中又没有明确，不知道认证会不会增加生产商、销售商、进口商的负担？

Journalist:   According to Article 18 of the Administrative Measure, all the electronic information products entering into the market need RoHS certification.  Certification process is not mentioned in the Administrative Measure.  Will certification increase load for manufacturers, distributors, and importers?

黄建忠：由于《管理办法》对电子信息产品中的有毒有害物质的限制与禁止采用了“目录管理”模式，因此，只有进入“目录”的产品才会被进行3C认证，在《管理办法》开始施行(生效)时，没有进入“目录”的产品并不需要进行3C认证。由于这是一个“渐进”的过程，因此，企业将会有足够的时间做好相关的准备。对进入目录的产品实施3C认证必然会增加生产这类产品的成本，这是毫无疑义的，但对所有企业来说都是一样的，中外企业、生产商、销售商、进口商都是一样要求的。

(to be translated)

记者：《管理办法》2006年2月28日就颁布了，它将于一年之后的同一天开始施行，但有毒有害物质的限制与禁止的实施期限还没有时间表。这里出现了三个时间，请问这三个时间各是什么意思？

Journalist:   Administrative Measure was promulgated February 28, 2006.  It takes effect a year later.  There is no time table for the restriction and prohibition of toxic and hazardous substances.  There are three time lines here.  What do these three time lines mean?

黄建忠：《管理办法》的颁布时间是指正式发布的时间，从这天开始不再进行征求意见和修改了；施行时间是《管理办法》法律生效的时间，从这一天开始，除了关于进入电子信息产品污染控制重点管理目录的有关规定未开始执行，其他的规定都开始执行了。使用有毒有害物质的电子信息产品进入电子信息产品污染控制重点管理目录的时间目前还没有时间表。《管理办法》第二十一条是这样规定的：“信息产业部商发展改革委、商务部、海关总署、工商总局、质检总局、环保总局，根据产业发展的实际状况，发布被列入电子信息产品污染控制重点管理目录的电子信息产品中不得含有有毒有害物质的实施期限。”因此，进入目录的产品实施有毒有害物质或元素控制的时间在《管理办法》中并未确定。

(to be translated)

已有八个电子信息产品污染防治行业标准立项

There have been eight industry standards for the prevention of pollution caused by electronic information products planed

记者：电子信息产品污染控制重点管理目录和电子信息产品污染防治标准将成为《管理办法》的两个重要支撑。请再介绍一下污染防治标准制定的进展情况。

Journalist:   A key administrative catalogue of electronic information products and standards for the prevention of pollution caused by electronic information products will be the two key supports for the Administrative Measure.  Please introduce the process of formulation of standards for the prevention of pollution caused by electronic information products.

黄建忠：信息产业部已经在2004年启动了电子信息产品污染防治标准的制定工作。我们的思路是：积极跟踪、实质性参与国际标准的制定；完成国标委委托的起草电子电器产品有害物质浓度检测程序国家标准的任务；制定电子信息产品污染防治行业标准。

HUANG, Jianzhong:   In 2004, the Ministry of Information Industry started the formation of standards for the prevention of pollution caused by electronic information products.  Our thought is to actively follow and involve in the formation of international standards, complete the task authorized by the Standard Administration of China to draft test procedure(s) of toxic and hazardous substances in electronic and electric products, and formulate industry standards for the prevention of pollution caused by electronic information products.

　　目前，我们已经派员积极参与了国际IEC/TC111的活动，在国标委的统一协调下，牵头组织了中国对应TC111的WG3的一个技术委员会(目前暂称为中国WG3工作组)；组建电子电器产品有害物质浓度检测程序国家标准工作组的工作已经完毕；电子信息产品污染防治行业标准工作组已经在2004年10月组建完成，已经开始了制定电子信息产品有毒有害物质的限量标准、检测标准、无铅焊接标准、认证与标识标准的工作。

At this time, we have sent personnel to attend international IEC/TC111 activities.  Under coordination by the Standard Administration of China, a technical committee is formed in corresponding to the TC111 WG3 (China WG3 working group).  The task of forming a working group for test procedures of national standards for the density of toxic substances of electronic and electrical products is completed.  The formation of a working group for industry standards for the prevention of pollution caused by electronic information products had been completed in October, 2004.  This working group starts on the formation of standards for limits, test standards, leadless soldering standards, and certification and labeling standards.

　　目前，已经立项的电子信息产品污染防治行业标准有8个，其中有《电子信息产品中有害物质的限量要求》、《电子信息产品中限用物质的检测方法》、《电子信息产品污染防治标识及要求》、《无铅焊料的化学成分》和四个无铅焊料的材料标准。前三个标准的制定进展较为顺利，目前已经完成了送审稿，拟提交信息产业部专门管理标准的技术基础办公室进行审定，之后将进行公示，公示结束后将提交部长专题会审议，然后才可以发布。标准发布后，企业依照《管理办法》进行准备才能有所依据。由于标准的制定程序较多，时间较长，一时难以出台，所以，我们延长了《管理办法》的生效时间。

At this time, there are eight industrial standards for the prevention of pollution caused by electronic information products being setup.  They are “Labeling and Requirements for the Prevention of Pollution Caused by Electronic Information Products”,  “Test Method for the Restricted Substances in Electronic Information Products”, “Chemical Ingredients in Leadless Soldering Materials”, and four material standards for leadless soldering materials. The first three standards go smoother.  The draft copies of these three standards have been submitted.  It was planned to submit to the standard administrative office of the Ministry of Information Industry for review.  After that, they will be posted for public comments.  After the end of public comments, these standards will be submitted to the head of the Ministry of Information Industry in a special topic meeting to finalize.  Then they will be promulgated.  After the promulgation of the standards, industry has something to follow in the preparation of the Administrative Measure.  Due to more formulation procedures, longer time, standards cannot be promulgated immediately.  This is the reason we have postponed the effective date.

　　电子信息产品污染防治标准的制定过程一是非常“标准”、规范，我们严格按照标准的制定程序，成立了标准组，制定了章程；二是公开、透明，标准组的大门是敞开的，标准组最初成立时仅有30多家企业、单位，目前已经有80多家企业、单位；三是标准的制定也尽量去和国际标准接轨，力争“等同采用”，由于国际标准目前仅仅处在草案提出的阶段，出台尚待时日，所以，我们是通过跟踪、参与、了解信息，力争使我们的行业标准具有“高起点、与国际标准看齐”的特点，使得其在将来可以顺利地转换为等同采用国际标准的国家标准。

(to be translated)

Information Source (Chinese Contents):  http://www.mii.gov.cn/art/2006/03/07/art_722_7706.html